Boiler furnace



J. W. DYAR BOILER FURNACE March 11, 1930.

Filed April 27, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. I JA/a 4/ p 0 ATTORNEYSMarch 11, 1930.

BOILER FURNACE Filed Apri 1 27, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 3 0 INVENTOR. J07M p,

ATTORNEYS J. w. DYAR 1,749,908

March 11, 1930.

BOILER FURNACE Filed April 27, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I INVENTOR.

JJA/r Wp yar g?? v A TTORNEYJ Patented Mar. 11, 1930 PATENT OFFICE JOHNW. DYAR, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN BOILER FURNACE Application filed April 27,1925.

The invention relates to steam or hot water boilers such as are used forheating purposes in buildings. It is necessary that boilers of this typebe manufactured in a large numo ber of sizes having different ratings inorder to be suitable for different size houses requiring more orlessradiation surface. The manufacturers have therefore been obliged tosupply boilers of varying sizes and capacities, thus necessitating themanufacturing of a large number of'different parts. This is alargeitemof expense, for the manufacturer must have at all times a suflicientquantity of each of the parts to enable any oft-he models to beassembled when in demand, and in addition to the initial expense ofproviding patterns for the large number of parts it also requiresstorage space because of the large num ber of different units Which mustbe kept in warehouses.

Certain manufacturers have adopted a system of supplying the same lirepot and com bustion chamber for three different boilers having differentratings, the smallest size boiler being converted into the larger sizesby adding additional units provided with indirect heating surface thatis to say, heating surface not in direct contact with the fire. Vithsuch constructions, however, the efficiency of the boilers with thedifferent ratings is not the same and if the boiler shows goodevaporation where provided with the maximum amount of indirect heatingsurface it will be very much poorer when the minimum amount is used.Furthermore, from practical considerations the number of variations islimited to three and for other capacities it is necessary to supply newfire pot castings.

My invention deals with an improved boiler construction whereby a largenumber of diflerent size boilers may be obtained with the use of aminimum number of standardized parts.

One of the objects is to provide a variable capacity boiler adapted tohave added thereto additional boiler sections having direct heatingsurface, that is, surface which is exposed to the combustion gases inthe fire pot.

{Another object is to provide'a construction Serial No. 26,239.

permitting the addition of auxiliary units in order to increase the sizeof the fire pot for the larger sizes. Still another object is to providean annular boiler having a down-draft flue so arranged as to presentindirect heating surface which may also be increased in area by theaddition of auxiliary sections.

A further object is to provide a boiler having a central annularboilersection and a surrounding annular boiler section forming therebetween adown-draft flue, and to provide in such a construction means for gainingaccess to the fines for cleaning purposes.

A further object is to provide a boiler so constructed that a maximumdraft through the chimney may be obtained while starting the fire, saidboiler being provided with means for shutting off the draft whenstarted, thus compelling the hot gases to travel through the less directheating passages.

Other objects reside in the general arrangement of the combustionchamber and the indirect heating surfaces to provide an eflicient boilerat all of the various ratings which may be obtained by the addition ofauxiliary units thereto.

In the drawingsz' Figure 1 is a front elevation of a boiler;

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view thereof;

Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 where the boiler is provided withone auxiliary section;

Figure 5'is another similar view showing two auxiliary sections Figure 6illustrates a boiler having three additional sections;

Figure 7 is a transverse section on the line 7-7 of Figure 3;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the auxiliary annular boiler section;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a segmental auxiliary boiler section;

Figure 10 is an enlarged'longitudinal section illustrating a boilerhaving eight auxiliary sections; I

Figure 11 is a longitudinal section at right angles to Figure 10 ontheline 1l11 of Figure 2.

I My improved type of boiler construction consists of a base or ash pitsection 1 on which is mounted. the annular boiler section 2 forming thefire pot and combustion chamber. 8

is a grate arranged between the ash pit section and the boiler sectionand 4 is a dome or top section arranged above the boiler section andspaced therefrom to provide a lateralpassageway 5 for the combustiongases, The I dome is preferably supported on the nipples 6 having thetapered ends 7 and 8 pressed into engagement with the dome 4: and theannular boiler section 2,v thus providing. a

water and steam conduit between these sec- 7 segmental water wall andthe outer casing or jacket 14. r

15 is a fire door arranged in the annular boiler section 2 near the topportion thereof. In order to provide access for this fire door theportions of the boiler surrounding the annular boiler section 2 are cutaway as urdicated in Figure 2, the outer casing 1 1 being segmental inshape and having the radially extending walls 16 connected by asegmental section 17 of a diameter only slightly greater than that ofthe annular boiler section 2, this latter section having an openingtherethrough in alignment with the fire door 15.

With the construction as above described the fuel is placed in theannular boiler section 2 and the combustion gases directly heat thewater in said section and then are directed downwardly through thedowndraft fiue 10 where the water in the segmental outer section 9isalso heated. The gases are then directed upwardly againthrough theoutermost flue 18 and are finally led to the centrally located chimneyflue 18.

In order to provide a boiler of slightly larger capacity than theonejabove described,

I have roposed to interpose between'the annular lioiler section 2 andthe ash pit 1 an auxiliary ring 19,- this ring being hollow to provide awater space therein and being suitably connected tothe main boilersection 2 to allow a passage therebetween. The ring is preferably madeup as illustrated in Figure 8 and is providedwith the bosses 20 havingthe tapered apertures therein leading to the hollow interior of thering. There are also corresponding apertured bosses on the bottom of themain boiler section 2 and'the two sections are connected together by thenipples 22 having the tapered ends 23 adapt ed to enter the taperingholes in the boiler sections and form a press lit with the same.

For rmaintainin the auxiliar -rin 19 in position there is preferablyprovided a clamping arrangement, and as illustrated this comprises therods2 l threadedly engaging the threaded bosses25 on the steam dome andextending downwardly in the downdraft flue 10 through the apertures 26formed in the lugs 27 on the auxiliary ring 19. The lower end 28 of therod is also threaded and the clamping is maintained by means of a nut 29threaded upon said rod and engaging theundersides of the'lug 27. Withthis construction it will appear that the depth of the fire pot isincreased by the addition ofthe auxiliary ring 19 and also the directheating 7 surface is increased. The boiler constructed in this mannerwill therefore have a higher rating than the boiler first described;

In order to construct the next larger unit Y in the boiler series, Ipropose toincrease the amount of indirect heating surface by adding anauxiliary segmental ring 30 to the outer segmental water wall 9. Thisunit is o While the size of the combustion chamber and fire pot is notincreased by the addition of the segmental ring 80the path forthecombustion gases is considerably,lengthened by increasingtlie length ofthe down-draft flue 10 and the up-draft flue 13, and there is alsoprovided the additional heating surface of the segmental ring 3U.v V

For constructing a boiler of the next larger size a second auxiliaryannular boiler section 32 may be interposed between the ash pit sectionand the auxiliary section as shown in Figure 6 and the following size ofthe series is obtained by adding a second auxiliary segmental ring 33 tothe first segmental sec tion 30. This plan may thus be carried out byalternately adding sections to the main boiler section and the dependingsegmental section, and each added unit will increase the rating of theboiler. It will be noted that each of the auxiliary sections 19 and 30are provided with bosses on the underside corresponding to the bosses onthe upper side, and these are provided with tapering. apertures forreceiving the nipples in case another section is arranged below. Thebottommost auxiliary ring in each case has 'plugs34 for closing thetapering openings. x

For supporting the additional sections added to the outer V segmentalwater wall there are the rods 35 extending longitudinally of thelip-draft flue 13 and engaging at their upper ends with threaded lugs 36extending from the dome 4 and 'at their build a larger boiler furnacethe same main parts maybe used and it is only necessary to addadditional units first'to the mainboiler section and-second to thesurrounding segmental water wall. Thus, the number of different partswhich are necessary for assembling a series of boilers havingprogressively increasing ratings is reduced to a minimum and asillustrated in Figure 3, there are nine different boilers which may beformed from the parts shown. The first boiler of the series is thatemploying only the basic units as illustrated in Figure 1. The otherboilers are formed by successively adding units 19, 30, 32, 33,47, 48,49 and 50 and by properly proportioning the size of the various partsthis will permit a variation in rating from 550 to 900 feet.

For starting the fire or stimulating it at any time, it is desirable tohave a direct draft and this is provided by forming one or more directdraft apertures 51 in the dome 4, these being preferably arrangedconcentric with the fire pot and combustion chamber and in alignmentwith the stack 18. For controlling these apertures, suitable dampers 52are provided so that when the dampers are in open position thecombustion gases may pass directly to the stack through the apertures51, but when the dampers are closed the gases are forced to travel theindirect route around the depending segmental water wall.

It has already been stated that the outer casing 14 has a cut-awayportion adjacent the fire door of the furnace formed by the radiallyextending Walls 16. This construction facilitates the placing of cleanout doors so as to provide access for the downdraft and up-draft flues,the doors being located in the radial walls 16. These doors arerepresented in the drawing by the numerals 53 and are hingedly connectedto the radial walls 16 so that when the doors are opened a cleaningbrush or scraper may be introduced into the fines. Ifthe cleaning brushis provided with a flexible handle it will permit the same to be workedaround to the opposite side of the flues from the fire door andtherefore, every portion of the flue surfacemay be cleaned from theaccumulated soot and dust. This is an important feature of my boilerconstruct-ion for it is very essential to the efficient operation of theboiler that the fines be kept free from soot and dust and with previousannular boiler constructions provided with down-draft flues there hasnever heretofore been any arrangementsuggested permitting the cleaningof the fiues What I claim as my invention is 1. In a boiler furnace, thecombination with an annular boiler section forming the fire pot andcombustion chamber, of a top section extending across the'upper end ofsaid annular boiler section and connected thereto, a segmental waterWall depending from the top section and surrounding a portion of saidannular boiler section in spaced relation thereto to form a passagewayfor the combustion gases, and a closure for said passageway disposed ateach end' of said segmental water wall, said closure permitting accessto said passageway for cleaning the same.

2. In a boiler furnace, the combination with an annular boiler sectionforming a fire pot and combustion chamber, of a top section extendingacross the upper end of said annular boiler section and outwardly beyondthe same, said top section being spaced from and connected to saidannular section, a segmental water wall depending from the top sectionand surrounding said boiler section in spaced relation to define a.down-draft flue, an outer segmental jacket surrounding said water wallin spaced relation to form an up-draft flue, and closure means for saiddown-draft and up-draft flues disposed at each end of said segmentalWater wall and jacket, said closure means permittingaccess to saiddowndraft and up-draft flues for cleaning the same;

3. In a boiler furnace, the combination with an annular boiler sectionforming the fire pot and combustion chamber and provided with a fueldoor opening therethrough, of a top section extending across the spacewithin said annular section and radially outward beyond the same, saidtop section being spaced from and connected with said annular section, asegmental water wall depending from the outer edge of said top sectionsurrounding a portion of said annular section and forming a down-draftflue, said segmental water wall terminating at opposite sides of saidfuel door opening, and a segmental jacket surrounding said water walland also terminating at opposite sides of said fuel door opening formingan up-flue in communication with said down-flue, the segmental formationof said water wall and jacket permitting of the introduction of fuelthrough the fuel door opening.

4. In a boiler furnace, the combination of an annular boiler sectionforming the fire pot andcombustion chamber and provided with a fuel dooropening therethrough, of a segmental'water wall surrounding a portion ofsaid annular section on opposite sides of the fuel door opening, asegmental jacket surrounding said segmental water wall and a removableclosure at the end of said segments for providing clean out openings tothe space between said annular section and water wall and between thelatter and said jacket- 5. In a boiler furnace, the combination of anannular boiler section forming the fire pot outward beyond the same,

and combustion chamber and provided with a :fueldoor-openingtherethrough, asteam,

dome above said boiler section and spaced therefrom, a segmental waterwall depending from said steam dome and surrounding an annular boilersection forming the wall of the fire pot and combustion chamber, of asteam dome spaced above and connected to said boiler section, an annularsegmental water wall depending from said steam dome and surrounding saidfire pot, an additional separately formed annular boiler; sectionforming an extension of the wall of said fire pot thereby increasing thecoal capacity thereof, an additional segmental boiler section secured tosaid segmental water wall to forms a continuation of the same, andnipples connecting the respective additional sections to said fire potand said water wall respectively. 7

7. In. a boiler furnace, the combination with an ash pit section, agrate, an annular fire pot formed of a plurality of hollow walled boilersections superposed one upon the other, a steam dome spaced above saidfire pot, a segmental water wall depending from said dome andsurrounding said annular fire pot forming a down-draft flue, and anannular segmental jacket surrounding said water wall forming an up-draftflue, one of said hollow walled boiler sections being of a heightadapted to form a fire pot and another of said sections being of alesser height and adapted to increase the depth of said fire pot to forma furnace of higher rating, and an additional segmental boiler sectionconnected to said depending water wallto increase the amount ofradiation surface exposed to said downedraft and up-draft fines.

8. In a boiler furnace, the combination 7 With a boiler section formingthe fire pot and combustion chamber, said boiler section being providedwith a fuel door opening therethrough, of a top section extending acrossthe upper end of said boiler section and radially said top section beingspaced fromand connected with said i boiler section, a segmental waterwall connected to said. top section and surrounding a portion of saidboiler section and cooperating therewith in the formation of a passagefor the combustion gases, said segmental water wall terminating atopposite sides of said fuel door opening whereby to permit of accessthereto. v r v I 9. In a boiler furnace, the combination with a boilersection forming the fire pot and combustion chamber, of steam domespaced above and connected to said boiler section and an annularsegmental water wail depend ng from and connectedto said steamdomeandpartially surrounding said boilerforming a clean-out opening forsaidfiue passage.

10. In a with an annular boiler section forming the wall of the fire potand combustion chamber,

[of a steam dome spaced above and connect boiler furnace the combinationi ed tosaid boiler section, anadditional separately formed'annularboiler section forming an extension of the wall of said fire potvthereby increasing the coal capacity "there of, mpples connecting sa dadditional sec-' tion with the first ment oned section aifordingcommunication of theboiler fluid between said sections, and an annularsegmental water wall connected to said steam dome above saidboiler-section and spaced therefrom, said segmental water wall formingan opening per- 7 mitting access to said firepot for fueling the sameri"V r In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

JOHN D YAR.

